This seminar explores the evolution of fire sprinkler systems and the fire protection industry, beginning with the Great Chicago Fire and other major industry-changing fire events and how they led to the formation of AFSA to meet the need for training. We’ll trace how these pivotal events sparked the requirements of fire codes, the NFPA, and the development of early sprinkler systems—starting with Parmelee’s innovations in 1874. Attendees will gain insight into the influence of insurance requirements, and the role of labor unions in advancing fire safety standards. We’ll spotlight the major powerhouses of the industry, including Grinnell, and follow the adoption and refinement of fire protection through the mid-20th century, including the introduction of key certifications like UL and FM. This seminar will also examine significant turning points such as the construction of the World Trade Center—built without sprinkler systems—and the resulting shifts in regional codes and the eventual consolidation into the International Code Council (ICC). We’ll explore how industry dynamics changed as contractors began evolving into manufacturers, giving rise to names like Reliable, Viking and Tyco, and how this all shaped the industry today. Discussion will include current practices in supply chains, manufacturing, distribution, fabrication, and design, offering a comprehensive view of where the industry stands today.